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Exigences en matière d’enregistrement de la main-d’œuvre – Bilan et changements pour 2020

January 24, 2020

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By: Konstantin Lukas Schmid

Rappel du contexte

En 2014, le corp électoral Suisse a adopté l’initiative « Contre l’immigration de masse » (Eidgenössische Volksinitiative « Gegen Masseneinwanderung »), visant à réglementer de manière plus rigoureuse l’immigration en Suisse. Depuis le 1er juillet 2018, dans le cadre de cette initiative, les demandeurs d’emploi en Suisse bénéficient désormais de la priorité pour l’accès aux postes vacants.

Les employeurs Suisses sont tenus de déclarer tous les postes vacants faisant partie des catégories d’emploi ayant un taux de chômage de plus de huit pour cent ou plus auprès du Service public de l’Emploi ou auprès de l’Office régional de placement (ORP). Les offres d’emploi faisant partie de ces secteurs sont ensuite proposées prioritairement pendant 5 jours ouvrables aux personnes inscrites auprès du Service Public de l’Emploi en tant que demandeur d’emploi avant d’être publiées sur l’ensemble du marché du travail. Dans le même temps, l’ORP transmet les dossiers des candidats appropriés pour ces emplois au Service public de l’Emploi qui examine ces dossiers et si nécessaire initie les entretiens d’embauche.

Bilan et changement à compter du 1erjanvier 2020

Depuis le 1er janvier 2020, le pourcentage de taux de chômage requis obligeant les employeurs à déclarer les postes vacants des catégories a été réduit. Les offres d’emplois des secteurs professionnels ayant un taux de chômage de cinq pour cent ou plus doivent désormais être annoncées sur ces plateformes. Cette modification nous amène à réfléchir sur les perspectives d’avenir.

Au cours de la première année de l’introduction de l’initiative en juillet 2018, un total de 200'000 emplois ont été enregistrés auprès du Service Public de l’Emploi. Près de 100% ont été publiés et contrôlés en une journée. Le Service Public de l’Emploi a pu proposer un candidat correspondant pour plus de la moitié des postes annoncés. Les employeurs ont embauché huit pour cent des candidats recommandés par le Service Public de l’Emploi.  Le gouvernement Suisse affiche donc un bilan positif : l’augmentation constante des emplois publiés sur le Service Public de l’Emploi, le traitement rapide des annonces d’emplois et le placement cohérent de l’ORP sont la preuve que cette initiative est acceptée et cohérente.

La période de référence pour l’obligation d’enregistrement des emplois en 2020 est la période d’octobre 2018 à septembre 2019, pendant laquelle le taux de chômage pour l’ensemble de la Suisse était de 2.3% en moyenne. La réduction du pourcentage à cinq pour cent aura lieu en même temps que la modification de la nomenclature suisse des professions.

Ce changement de nomenclature assure une meilleure différenciation entre les secteurs professionnels étant similaires mais différemment qualifiés.  Par exemple, le métier de chef cuisinier ne sera plus tenu d’être déclaré à partir de 2020 alors que les aide-cuisiniers continueront d’être soumis à l’obligation d’enregistrement. Des différenciations similaires dans d’autres secteurs professionnels tels que la construction et le marketing auront des résultats similaires. La liste complète des professions soumises à l’obligation d’enregistrement peut être consultée ici.

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