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Einwanderungsstatistiken: Aktualisierte Informationen über verfügbare Kontingente in der Schweiz

August 8, 2019

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By: Konstantin L. Schmid

Kenntnisse über das Schweizer Kontingentsystem sind hilfreich, um zu verstehen, wie Arbeitsbewilligungen in der Schweiz zwischen den verschiedenen Nationalitätengruppen aufgeteilt werden. Für Unternehmen ist dieses Wissen im Hinblick auf Personalbeschaffungspläne unabdingbar und hilft, diese effizienter zu gestalten.

Es ist geregelt, dass wer länger als 4 Monate in der Schweiz leben und arbeiten möchte, sich um eine Bewilligung bewerben muss, welche als kontingentierte Bewilligungen bezeichnet wird. Ausgenommen von dieser Regel sind EU27/EEA-Bürger, welche unter einem lokalen Arbeitsvertrag angestellt sind. Es gibt dabei zwei Arten von kontingentierten Bewilligungen: Kurzaufenthaltsbewilligungen L und Aufenthaltsbewilligungen B. Diese werden wiederum getrennt vergeben für EU27/EFTA -Bürger, Kroatische Staatsangehörige, und Drittstaatsangehörige.

Kontingente für Drittstaatsangehörige

Der Bundesrat hat per 1. Januar 2019 die neuen Kontingente bekannt gegeben. Für Drittstaatsangehörige wurde die Anzahl an verfügbaren Aufenthaltsbewilligungen B im Vergleich zum Vorjahr um 1'000 Einheiten erhöht, während die Anzahl an verfügbaren Kurzaufenthaltsbewilligungen L um 500 Einheiten reduziert wurde. Somit stehen im Jahr 2019 4'500 Aufenthaltsbewilligungen B und 4'000 Kurzaufenthaltsbewilligungen L für Drittstaatsangehörige zur Verfügung. Diese werden zwischen Bund und den einzelnen Kantonen aufgeteilt.

Laut der vom Staatssekretariat für Migration im Juli 2019 veröffentlichten Statistik standen Ende Juni für Drittstaatsangehörige noch 2'631 der 4'500 B-Kontingente sowie 3’124 der 4'000 L-Kontingente (inklusive Vorjahresreserven) zur Verfügung.

Wie funktionieren Kontingente für EU-Bürger?

EU/EFTA-Bürger profitieren zwar vom Personenfreizügigkeitsabkommen, dieses gilt jedoch nur bei einem lokalen Arbeitsvertrag. Bei einer Entsendung in die Schweiz unterliegen die Arbeitserlaubnisse für EU/EFTA-Bürgers ebenfalls Kontingenten. 

Für EU27/EFTA-Bürger auf Entsendung hat der Bundesrat am 1. Januar 2019 - wie bereits im Vorjahr - 500 Aufenthaltsbewilligungen B und 3‘000 Kurzaufenthaltsbewilligungen L bewilligt. Diese Kontingente werden vierteljährlich freigegeben und stehen allen Kantonen der Schweiz gemeinschaftlich zur Verfügung.

Bürgern aus EU27/EFTA-Staaten standen Ende Juni 2019 noch 351 der 500 B-Kontingente und 2'024  der 3'000 L-Kontingente zur Verfügung

Kontingentbeschränkungen: Was rumänische, bulgarische und kroatische Staatsangehörige wissen sollten

Für rumänische, bulgarische und kroatische Staatsangehörige gibt es einige wichtige Hinweise bezüglich weiterer Kontingentbeschränkungen zu beachten.

Staatsangehörige aus Rumänien und Bulgarien profitieren ab dem 1. Juni 2019 von der vollen Personenfreizügigkeit, sind also nun den EU27/EFTA-Bürgern in Hinsicht auf Lokalanstellung und Umzug in die Schweiz gleichgestellt. Seit dem EU-Beitritt der beiden Länder im Jahr 2009 hatte der Bundesrat von der so genannten „Ventilklausel“ Gebrauch gemacht, welche den Einsatz von Kontingenten für permanent einreisende rumänische und bulgarische Staatsbürger für eine Dauer von maximal zehn Jahren erlaubte. Diese Frist lief Ende Mai 2019 ab.

Von den EU-Mitgliedsstaaten gelten nun lediglich noch für kroatische Staatsangehörige Begrenzungen der Personenfreizügigkeit. Für das Jahr 2019 stehen kroatischen Staatsangehörigen 103 B-Bewilligungen und 953 L-Bewilligungen zur Verfügung. Die Kontingente werden vierteljährlich veröffentlicht und gelten für Lokalanstellungen. Die 50 bis Ende Juni freigegebenen Kontingente für B-Bewilligungen, sowie die 476 bisher freigegebenen L-Bewilligungen für kroatische Staatsbürger wurden vollständig aufgebraucht. Im nächsten Quartal stehen wieder 50 neue B-Kontingente und 238 neue L-Kontingente für kroatische Staatsbürger zur Verfügung.

Mit diesem Blog  halten wir Sie über die Entwicklungen der verfügbaren Kontingente und andere Themen rund um Immigration auf dem Laufenden. Sollten Sie Fragen zu dem oben erläuterten Thema haben, wenden Sie sich bitte an mich oder das Fragomen Swiss Immigration Team.

 

Sources: https://www.sem.admin.ch/sem/de/home/publiservice/statistik/auslaenderstatistik/monitor.html

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