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Migración climática, qué oportunidades trae para empresas y gobiernos

May 28, 2024

Migration

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  • ColombiaColombia

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Porthole headshot image of Fragomen Colombia Manager Adriana Amaris

Adriana Lucia Amaris Silva

Senior Manager

Bogotá, Colombia

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[email protected]

T:+57 1 7394850

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Porthole headshot image of Fragomen Colombia Manager Adriana Amaris

Adriana Lucia Amaris Silva

Senior Manager

Bogotá, Colombia

Email

[email protected]

T:+57 1 7394850

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  • Bogotá

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Porthole headshot image of Fragomen Colombia Manager Adriana Amaris

Adriana Lucia Amaris Silva

Senior Manager

Bogotá, Colombia

Email

[email protected]

T:+57 1 7394850

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  • Bogotá

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By: Mariana Contreras

La migración climática, como resultado del cambio climático, ha provocado migraciones masivas en diversas comunidades debido a las condiciones ambientales extremas que han surgido. Este fenómeno se manifiesta cuando un hábitat se vuelve insostenible, lo que ha desencadenado fuertes consecuencias en el desplazamiento de poblaciones a otros lugares en donde puedan residir.

En este sentido, la migración por motivos climáticos representa uno de los desafíos más retadores a nivel internacional, planteando retos para los países, pues estos deben acoger a los migrantes afectados por el clima y cuya única opción es mudarse de lugar. Por ello, estos países se ven en la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas políticas migratorias y espacios de readaptación para abordar esta creciente problemática.

Justamente y como resultado de esto, podemos evidenciar que a la fecha se han suscrito acuerdos como el Acuerdo sobre el Cambio Climático de París o el Pacto Mundial para la Migración, los cuales tienen referencias para hacer frente a la migración medioambiental, en donde se presenta una visión integral sobre cómo los Estados pueden manejar esta problemática ahora y en el futuro, buscando soluciones como la permanencia de la población en su lugar de origen y brindarles nuevas alternativas o condiciones para adaptarse a su nuevo contexto, como lo serían las alternativas de carácter migratorio para que las personas puedan migrar de manera segura y regular.

En este orden de ideas, lo más importante aquí es lograr que los gobiernos e incluso el sector privado busquen involucrarse y reúnan soluciones o servicios adaptados para responder a los desafíos de la migración climática. De hecho, un ejemplo de esto fue una idea que surgió en Nueva Zelanda, en donde el país ha establecido un programa de visas especiales para los residentes de las Islas del Pacífico, este tipo de visa está dirigida a las personas afectadas por los fenómenos climáticos, y a las personas que puedan demostrar que enfrentan dificultades relacionadas con el cambio climático. Con esto cada vez hay más pruebas de que la movilidad laboral es una estrategia de resiliencia climática (International Labour Organization, 2021), y es que justamente los migrantes pueden traer nuevas habilidades y experiencias laborales.

Mientras tanto, en Australia se ha visto una iniciativa para recibir migrantes climáticos de la isla Tuvalu (Islas del Pacífico), la cual pretende mejorar la movilidad y la protección de estas personas, pues por los fuertes cambios de nivel del mar correo el riesgo de su desaparición. En este orden de ideas, los habitantes tendrían el derecho de vivir en Australia por un posible acuerdo entre ambas partes, en donde tendrían la oportunidad de un trabajo seguro y ver a la migración como una estrategia de desarrollo sostenible. Este es uno de los primeros acuerdos sobre movilidad relacionada con el clima, en donde se busca demostrar una estrategia de resistencia contra el cambio climático.

Por otro lado, un ejemplo de esto es el Proyecto implementado por la Dirección Nacional de Migraciones (DNM) de Argentina, que tiene como finalidad brindar proyección humanitaria o reubicación a personas que han sido desplazadas por desastre socio-naturales otorgando un permiso de ingreso temporal. Este fue un proyecto creado para atender a los desplazamientos transfronterizos por desastres naturales, e involucró a varios actores como ACNUR o la Dirección General de Asuntos Consulares del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores para dar continuidad al mismo. 

En resumen, se destaca la necesidad de abordar la migración climática de manera integral mediante políticas, programas e incentivos tanto del sector público como del privado. Se propone la creación de políticas sostenibles que fomenten el desarrollo e inclusión, brindando oportunidades de empleo a trabajadores migrantes a través de programas de visado especiales o permisos de trabajo. Por lo anterior, se hace un llamado a la participación de todos los actores involucrados para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático y desarrollar programas e incentivos que promuevan la inclusión de la población migrante afectada. Tanto los gobiernos como empresas deben formular políticas integrales en donde también participen organizaciones laborales y contribuir a un proceso seguro e inclusivo.


Climate Migration: Opportunities for Businesses and Governments

Climate migration, driven by climate change, involves the movement of communities due to extreme environmental conditions making their habitats unsustainable. This results in significant population displacement to more habitable areas.

Climate-induced migration is a major international challenge, requiring countries to accommodate migrants affected by climate change, whose only option is to relocate. These countries are committed to developing new migration policies and creating adaptation spaces to manage the growing influx of displaced people.

International treaties like the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and the Global Compact for Migration address this issue. They offer strategies for managing environmental migration, including enabling people to remain in their homes and providing new adaptation options for those who must relocate.

Responding to climate migration challenges

In this situation, governments and the private sector alike must engage and gather solutions to respond to the challenges of climate migration.

An example is an initiative that has emerged in New Zealand, where the country has established a special visa program for residents of the Pacific Islands affected by climate phenomena and those who can demonstrate difficulties related to climate change. This demonstrates that employment mobility is increasingly recognized as a climate resilience strategy, as migrants can bring new skills and work experiences.

In Australia, an initiative to receive climate migrants from Tuvalu Island (Pacific Islands) has been unveiled, aiming to improve the mobility and protection of these individuals due to the risks posed by sea level rise. In this context, these people would have the right to live in Australia under a possible agreement between both parties, where they would have the opportunity for secure employment, viewing migration as a strategy for sustainable development. This represents one of the first treaties on climate-related mobility, manifesting a resilience strategy against climate change.

Another example is a project implemented by the National Migration Directorate (DNM) of Argentina, which aims to provide humanitarian protection or relocation to people displaced by socio-natural disasters by granting temporary entry permits. This project was created to address cross-border displacements due to natural disasters and involved various participants, such as UNHCR and the General Directorate of Consular Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to ensure its continuity.

Looking ahead

Addressing climate migration requires coordinated policies, programs and incentives from both public and private sectors. Sustainable policies should promote development and inclusion, offering employment opportunities to migrant workers through special visas or work permits.

All stakeholders must act to mitigate climate change effects and support affected migrants. Governments and companies should collaborate with labor organizations to create safe and inclusive policies.

Need to know more?

For more information on the effects of climate migration, please contact Business Immigration Manager Adriana Amaris at [email protected] and Business Immigration Consultant Mariana Contreras at [email protected].

This blog was published on May 28, 2024, and due to the circumstances, there are frequent changes. To keep up to date with all the latest updates on global immigration, please subscribe to our alerts and follow us on LinkedIn, X, Facebook and Instagram.

Country / Territory

  • ColombiaColombia

Related contacts

Porthole headshot image of Fragomen Colombia Manager Adriana Amaris

Adriana Lucia Amaris Silva

Senior Manager

Bogotá, Colombia

Email

[email protected]

T:+57 1 7394850

Related offices

  • Bogotá

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Related contacts

Porthole headshot image of Fragomen Colombia Manager Adriana Amaris

Adriana Lucia Amaris Silva

Senior Manager

Bogotá, Colombia

Email

[email protected]

T:+57 1 7394850

Related offices

  • Bogotá

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Related contacts

Porthole headshot image of Fragomen Colombia Manager Adriana Amaris

Adriana Lucia Amaris Silva

Senior Manager

Bogotá, Colombia

Email

[email protected]

T:+57 1 7394850

Related offices

  • Bogotá

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

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