
Country / Territory
Related contacts
Related offices
Related contacts
Related offices
Related contacts
Related offices
The United States is a relatively new country. However, the nation’s population is older than it has ever been, which has meaningful and important impacts on how we ensure the provision of healthcare.
Healthcare shortages across the country
The shortage of doctors and support staff in the U.S., including nurses and allied healthcare workers, is well documented and will only continue to grow. By 2034, the country will face a shortage up to 124,000 doctors! Currently, more than 95 million people in the U.S.—a third of the country’s population—live in healthcare shortage areas.
This shortage means people must travel further distances to receive care, particularly in rural areas, or wait substantially longer to be seen for care. Though there is not a singular “quick fix” to the healthcare shortage the country is facing, immigration reform is a surefire, short-term mechanism to help alleviate the issue and to begin ensuring that all Americans can secure timely and accessible healthcare.
Addressing the shortage through legislation
This shortage of access to healthcare in the U.S. is not new. In 1994, to address the staggering physician shortages in North Dakota, Senator Kent Conrad championed what became what we now know as the “Conrad State 20” J-1 waiver legislation.
Senator Conrad saw an opportunity to enhance the country’s medical system using U.S.-trained foreign national physicians by placing them into rural and urban underserved communities. Since its inception, the Conrad program has placed nearly 20,000 physicians in underserved rural and urban communities across the country.
Further, data confirms that these U.S.-trained foreign national physicians stay in underserved areas longer than their U.S. counterparts – in other words, they become part of the fabric of these underserved communities.
Yet, nearly 30 years later, the only modernization Congress has enacted to this program was to increase the limit to 30 international medicine graduates per state in 2002 (now known as the “Conrad State 30”). Due to lack of change across our immigration programs in more than 20 years, more than half of the U.S. Conrad state programs need well over 30 waivers to meet the growing underserved demands in their states.
Recent developments
Understanding the need for swift action to address this ongoing issue, members of Congress continue to advance smart reform. On March 10, 2023, Senator Amy Klobuchar reintroduced the Conrad State 30 and Physician Access Reauthorization Act (S.665) with 20 co-sponsors.
Additionally, on July 25, 2023, Representative Brad Schneider reintroduced the companion Conrad State 30 and Physician Access Reauthorization Act (H.R. 4942) with 51 co-sponsors.
Through this bill, Congress would modernize our existing Conrad program and give each state the ability to ensure that U.S.-trained foreign national physicians remain in the U.S. after their residency and fellowship training if they agree to work in underserved rural or urban areas.
Need to know more?
Lack of access to equitable healthcare is a national emergency, and effectuating smart immigration reform allows U.S.-trained foreign national doctors to immediately help address the country’s ongoing shortage of access to medical care.
For questions regarding efforts to address this healthcare shortage or how Fragomen can help through immigration solutions, please contact Partner Sarah Peterson at [email protected].
This blog was published on August 23, 2023, and due to the circumstances, there are frequent changes. To keep up to date with all the latest updates on global immigration, please subscribe to our alerts and follow us on LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.
Country / Territory
Related contacts
Related offices
Related contacts
Related offices
Related contacts
Related offices
Explore more at Fragomen
Media mentions
Senior Manager Samantha Arnold examines the remaining opportunities under Ireland’s winding-down Immigrant Investor Programme and what they mean for eligible investors and their families.
Blog post
Government Affairs Strategy Director Shuyeb Muquit analyses the UK’s latest net migration decline, exploring what the data reveals about policy impact, economic trade‑offs and the risks of over‑correction in future migration strategy.
Media mentions
Partner Bo Cooper discusses the practical considerations facing employers and foreign nationals amid recent changes to green card processing.
Blog post
Video
In this #FragomenFC episode, Partner Rick Lamanna, Senior Manager Sergio Flores and Senior Associate Jake Paul Minster discuss final travel and immigration considerations ahead of the 2026 FIFA World Cup.
Media mentions
Senior Manager Samantha Arnold discusses Ireland's citizenship framework and the gaps that can remain following reforms to birthright citizenship.
Video
In this video, Partner Diana Quintas discusses how Brazil’s family reunion visa supports long-term international assignments and outlines key eligibility, documentation and compliance considerations for employers and families relocating to Brazil.
Blog post
Attorney María José Clarke explores Chile’s intensified immigration enforcement framework under President José Antonio Kast, examining new employer compliance obligations, work authorization rules for foreign nationals and the legal and financial consequences of unauthorized employment.
Media mentions
Senior Manager Jonathan Hill examines how the UK's new RAG rating system and stricter compliance metrics could shape universities' approaches to international student recruitment and sponsorship compliance.
Blog post
Knowledge Management Director Ana Sofia Walsh and Senior Client Engagement Manager Soraya Driessen examine the European Commission’s EU Inc. proposal and its potential to reshape corporate structures across the EU, highlighting the resulting complexities and unresolved questions for immigration, work authorization and cross-border workforce mobility.
Video
With less than two weeks until the first match of the 2026 FIFA World Cup, Senior Associate Jake Paul Minster outlines important visa and entry considerations for travelers planning to visit the US, Canada and Mexico.
Media mentions
Partner Ali Haider discussed how flexible residency pathways, strong infrastructure and access to healthcare are continuing to drive interest among retirees looking to relocate to the UAE.
Media mentions
Senior Manager Samantha Arnold examines the remaining opportunities under Ireland’s winding-down Immigrant Investor Programme and what they mean for eligible investors and their families.
Blog post
Government Affairs Strategy Director Shuyeb Muquit analyses the UK’s latest net migration decline, exploring what the data reveals about policy impact, economic trade‑offs and the risks of over‑correction in future migration strategy.
Media mentions
Partner Bo Cooper discusses the practical considerations facing employers and foreign nationals amid recent changes to green card processing.
Blog post
Video
In this #FragomenFC episode, Partner Rick Lamanna, Senior Manager Sergio Flores and Senior Associate Jake Paul Minster discuss final travel and immigration considerations ahead of the 2026 FIFA World Cup.
Media mentions
Senior Manager Samantha Arnold discusses Ireland's citizenship framework and the gaps that can remain following reforms to birthright citizenship.
Video
In this video, Partner Diana Quintas discusses how Brazil’s family reunion visa supports long-term international assignments and outlines key eligibility, documentation and compliance considerations for employers and families relocating to Brazil.
Blog post
Attorney María José Clarke explores Chile’s intensified immigration enforcement framework under President José Antonio Kast, examining new employer compliance obligations, work authorization rules for foreign nationals and the legal and financial consequences of unauthorized employment.
Media mentions
Senior Manager Jonathan Hill examines how the UK's new RAG rating system and stricter compliance metrics could shape universities' approaches to international student recruitment and sponsorship compliance.
Blog post
Knowledge Management Director Ana Sofia Walsh and Senior Client Engagement Manager Soraya Driessen examine the European Commission’s EU Inc. proposal and its potential to reshape corporate structures across the EU, highlighting the resulting complexities and unresolved questions for immigration, work authorization and cross-border workforce mobility.
Video
With less than two weeks until the first match of the 2026 FIFA World Cup, Senior Associate Jake Paul Minster outlines important visa and entry considerations for travelers planning to visit the US, Canada and Mexico.
Media mentions
Partner Ali Haider discussed how flexible residency pathways, strong infrastructure and access to healthcare are continuing to drive interest among retirees looking to relocate to the UAE.

