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2025年9月22日 アメリカ移民法速報

September 22, 2025

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  • JapanJapan
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連邦政府機関は、先週金曜日発表の大統領令に基づくH-1Bビザ禁止措置が適用されるのは、2025年9月21日以降に提出された申請のみが対象であると表明

 

概要

        • トランプ大統領が発表したH-1B保持者の入国制限に関する大統領令は、2025年9月21日以降にH-1B申請が提出された者にのみ適用されます。米国移民局(USCIS)と米国税関国境警備局(CBP)は、9月21日に発行した覚書でこのように説明しました。
        • これにより、現在H-1B申請が審査中または承認済み、もしくは有効なH-1Bビザを保持する外国人には、新たに発表されたH-1B入国制限は適用されません。有効な承認済みH-1B申請書とH-1Bビザ(必要な場合)を所持していれば、2025年9月21日以降に国外から米国に入国できるはずです。但し、今後数日間の入国者は、政府機関が新たな大統領令及び政府機関のガイダンスの実施を開始するため、入国が遅延する可能性があることには注意が必要です。
        • 方針が明確になったことで、新たな10万ドルの手数料は、大統領令発効日である9月21日以降に提出されるH-1B専門職ビザ申請の内、現在米国国外にいる外国人に対してのみ適用される見込みです。H-1Bビザの新規申請は来年春まで受付が無いので、この方針は主に27年度のH-1B発給枠申請が対象になると解釈できます。USCISが発表したガイダンスによれば、既に米国で働くH-1Bビザ保持者のUSCISのへの延長申請や、大使館でのビザ更新申請は対象ではありません。また、H-1Bビザ保持者の雇用主変更申請も対象から外れると解釈できますが、現時点で未だ不明な点がありますので本件に関する追加のガイダンスが待たれます。

 

問題点

21日に発表されたUSCISおよびCBP)のガイダンスによれば、現在H-1Bビザ申請が審査中または承認済み、もしくは有効なH-1Bビザを保持する外国人は、トランプ大統領が9月19日に発令したH-1B渡航制限の大統領令の対象ではありません。大統領令発効後も、米国への入国は可能です。

当局の覚書は、大統領令の適用範囲を大幅に制限しています。大統領令の文言では、雇用主が被雇用者に対して10万ドルの手数料を支払わない限り、H-1B専門職労働者の米国入国及びH-1B申請承認を禁止しています。大統領令をその言葉通り解釈すれば、H-1B専門職者として米国入国を希望する全ての外国人に適用されるはずですが、当局の新たなガイドラインでは、宣言の発効日である2025年9月21日以降にH-1B申請が提出された外国人にのみ適用されると明記されており、既にアメリカに滞在するH-1Bビザ保持者は対象から外れることから、対象者は当初の解釈よりかなり制限されることになります。

H-1B渡航制限の対象者は誰ですか?

米国市民移民局(USCIS)および米国税関・国境警備局(CBP)のガイダンス覚書によれば、政府はこの大統領令発効以降に提出されたH-1B申請の対象者のみ適用します。新規申請への制限適用に関しては、追加ガイダンスが予定されています。

政府機関によれば、大統領布告は以下に該当する者には適用されません:

        • 9月21日午前0時1分時点で、H-1Bビザ申請が承認されている者
        • 有効なH-1Bビザを所持している者

CBPはUSCISの文言を反映した関連覚書を発行し、「現行のH-1Bビザ保持者の手続きを継続する」と表明しています。国務省は領事官向けの独自ガイダンスをまだ発行していませんが、数日中に発表される見込みです。

2025年9月21日以降のH-1Bビザ保持者の渡航及び米国入国について

有効なH-1Bビザを保持する渡航者:当局の覚書に基づき、承認済みのH-1Bビザを保持する外国人は、今後も当該ビザを使用して米国に再入国できる見込みです。ただし、可能であればUSCISおよびCBPのガイダンス文書のコピーを携帯し、新政策実施に伴う国境での混乱により入国手続きで遅延が生じる可能性を想定しておいたほうが良いでしょう。

ビザ免除対象のカナダ国民:有効な承認済みH-1B申請書(2025年9月21日以前に提出)を所持するビザ免除対象のカナダ国民は、新たな制限の対象とならずに入国が許可されるでしょう。

領事館でのビザ面接予約がある旅行者:2025年9月21日以前に提出され承認済みのH-1Bビザ申請書を有し、米国大使館または領事館でのビザ面接予約がある外国人は、予約通り申請を行ってください。21日発表の当局ガイダンスを踏まえると、申請者がビザのその他の要件を満たしている場合、大統領令はH-1Bビザ発給を妨げるものではありません。ただし、在外公館がワシントンD.C.の国務省本部からの実施ガイダンスを待つ間、予約をキャンセルしたり申請を保留にしたりする可能性がある点には備えておいてください。

現在USCISにH-1B申請を提出中の外国人:H-1B審査に関しては、申請中のH-1B申請者は大統領令の影響を受けない見込みです。当局の方針が明確になったことで、新たな10万ドルの手数料は、21日東部時間午前0時1分に発効する大統領令以降に提出されるH-1B専門職申請で、現在米国国外にいる外国人に対して適用されます。

2025年9月21日以降に提出された新規H-1B申請の対象となる米国外にいる外国人: これらの外国人は新たな入国制限の対象となります。制限対象となる申請書、新たなH-1B申請料の支払い、および制限に対する国家利益例外の申請に関するガイダンスは、近日中に発表される見込みです。

弊所は、政府からの追加ガイダンスを注視しており、適宜新たな情報をお届けします。

Countries / Territories

  • JapanJapan
  • United StatesUnited States

Related contacts

Shintaro Araki

Shintaro Araki

Partner

New York, NY, United States

Email

[email protected]

T:+1 212 230 2815

Related insights

  • United States: Federal Agencies Say President Trump’s H-1B Ban Applies Only to Petitions Filed on or After September 21, 2025
  • 2025年8月 アメリカ移民法ダイジェスト
  • 2025年7月 アメリカ移民法ダイジェスト

Related offices

  • New York, NY

Related content

  • Navigating Immigration Under the Second Trump Administration

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Related contacts

Shintaro Araki

Shintaro Araki

Partner

New York, NY, United States

Email

[email protected]

T:+1 212 230 2815

Related insights

  • United States: Federal Agencies Say President Trump’s H-1B Ban Applies Only to Petitions Filed on or After September 21, 2025
  • 2025年8月 アメリカ移民法ダイジェスト
  • 2025年7月 アメリカ移民法ダイジェスト

Related offices

  • New York, NY

Related content

  • Navigating Immigration Under the Second Trump Administration

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Share

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn

Related contacts

Shintaro Araki

Shintaro Araki

Partner

New York, NY, United States

Email

[email protected]

T:+1 212 230 2815

Related insights

  • United States: Federal Agencies Say President Trump’s H-1B Ban Applies Only to Petitions Filed on or After September 21, 2025
  • 2025年8月 アメリカ移民法ダイジェスト
  • 2025年7月 アメリカ移民法ダイジェスト

Related offices

  • New York, NY

Related content

  • Navigating Immigration Under the Second Trump Administration

Share

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